Competition law can be defined as a set of legal regulations established to protect and promote competition in the market and to prevent unfair competition. This branch of law includes rules aimed at preventing the abuse of market dominance by large companies, monopolization and cartelization.

Competition law is generally analyzed under three main headings:

Cartels and Unfair Competition: It covers situations where market competition is restricted as a result of agreements, concerted practices or mergers between companies. Practices such as cartel formation, price fixing agreements and market division are considered under this heading.

Monopolistic Practices: It includes situations where companies with market dominance prevent or restrict competition by abusing this dominance. For example, excessive pricing, predatory pricing and affiliated sales practices.

Mergers and Acquisitions: When companies merge or one company takes over another, the impact of these transactions on market competition is analyzed. Competition authorities conduct a detailed review before approving such transactions.

Competition law aims to protect consumers, promote innovation and ensure economic efficiency. In Turkey, competition law is regulated by Law No. 4054 on the Protection of Competition, which entered into force in 1994 and is enforced by the Competition Authority. The Competition Authority is in charge of monitoring market competition, detecting violations and imposing the necessary sanctions.